Which disease is described as highly infectious and targets the liver?

• A. Hepatitis B
• B. HIV
• C. Tuberculosis
• D. Malaria

Answer: (A)

This question tests recognizing a disease that specifically affects the liver and is highly infectious. Hepatitis B does that: it is a virus that targets liver cells and causes inflammation of the liver. It’s known for high infectivity because it spreads through blood and bodily fluids (such as sexual contact and from mother to child) and can survive outside the body for a period, making transmission more likely in various settings. This combination of liver-specific infection with strong contagiousness is why it’s the best fit. The other conditions don’t match as well: HIV primarily attacks immune system cells, not the liver; tuberculosis mainly affects the lungs (and can be systemic but isn’t defined by liver targeting and extreme contagiousness in this context); malaria involves a liver stage but is centered on a systemic, vector-borne infection rather than a liver-focused, highly contagious disease.